Rare cortical inhibitory neurons promoted synchronized activity and sleep in mice

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Study design

Researchers genetically targeted a sparse population of mouse cortical inhibitory neurons expressing somatostatin and chondrolectin, called Sst-Chodl cells. They recorded activity across brain states, mapped long-range connections and selectively activated the cells to test their role in sleep regulation.

Findings

The cells were most active during low-arousal states and connected multiple cortical areas. Their activation increased synchronized low-frequency cortical activity and promoted sleep, including during the animals' normally active phase. The results suggest that cortical circuits can actively help regulate sleep alongside established subcortical systems, rather than merely follow their signals.

Limitations and disclosures

These are cell-specific manipulations in mice, not a trial of a supplement or an insomnia therapy. The findings do not show improved human memory, safer sleep reduction or clinical efficacy. The peer-reviewed paper appeared in September; an earlier preprint was posted in 2024, so this is not the first public disclosure of the work. The authors declared no competing interests.

This sourced news summary and translation were prepared with AI assistance. Source links, the news date and research limitations are disclosed; this is not a claim of independent medical expert review. News production method.

Sources

• Ratliff et al. — Neocortical long-range inhibition promotes cortical synchrony and sleep — Nature · 9 September 2026
• Earlier preprint — Neocortical long-range inhibition promotes cortical synchrony and sleep — bioRxiv (preprint) · 23 June 2024

Research news is not medical advice or a recommendation to use a substance. Read findings in the context of the study design, participants and limitations. Editorial standards.

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