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Study design

The COSMOS-clinic analysis used a 2-by-2 factorial randomized trial of a multivitamin/mineral supplement and cocoa extract, alone or together, compared with matching placebos. Biomarker analyses included 506 participants for neurofilament light or N-terminal tau and 498 for oligomeric amyloid-beta.

Findings

Over two years, researchers found no significant between-group differences in changes in any of the three biomarkers for multivitamin versus placebo or cocoa extract versus placebo. The cocoa extract supplied 500 mg daily, including 80 mg of epicatechin.

Limits

These were blood biomarker outcomes in a clinic subcohort, not direct measures of memory or dementia onset. The null findings apply to the measured markers and follow-up period; they do not prove that all formulations or longer use have no effects.

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Sources

Research news is not medical advice or a recommendation to use a substance. Read findings in the context of the study design, participants and limitations. Editorial standards.

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